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Citation of the map:
Gómez, J., Montes, N.E. & Marín, E., compilers. 2023. Mapa Geológico de Colombia 2023. Scale 1:1 500 000. Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Bogotá.
Abstract
The Grupo Mapa Geológico de Colombia is attached to the Dirección de Geociencias Básicas of the Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC). Its aim is to perform periodic and updated versions of the Geological Map of Colombia (GMC). The first three editions of this map were published at a scale of 1:1 000 000 in 2007, 2015, and 2020. Unlike the previous ones, the 2023 edition is released at a scale of 1:1 500 000.
The fourth edition of the GMC was updated with the geological maps at a scale of 1:100 000, 1:50 000, and 1:25 000 published by the SGC from 2015 to 2022; data from papers published in peer–review journals from December 2019 until March 2022, and the chapters of The Geology of Colombia multivolume book.
The units represented on the map are chronostratigraphic and were grouped according to age and lithology. For age, the “International Chronostratigraphic Chart 2022" was used as a reference and for the lithological division, rocks and deposits were differentiated. The rocks were represented in accordance with their principal types into igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary with volcanoclastic rocks as a separate type. The deposits were subdivided into paludal, alluvium, volcanoclastic, glacial, terrace, alluvial fan, pyroclastic, dune, and swamp. Igneous rocks were classified by the environment of formation into volcanic, hypabyssal, and plutonic and according to their composition into ultramafic, mafic, intermediate, and felsic. Metamorphic rocks were separated by their grade of metamorphism into very low, low, medium, and high grade; also, the high–pressure ones and, by their economic importance, the marbles were differentiated. Sedimentary and volcanoclastic rocks were grouped consistently with the main environment of accumulation. The former were classified as continental, transitional, continental–transitional, continental–transitional–marine, transitional–marine, and marine, while the latter were classified as continental, continental–transitional, and marine.
Since 2015, with each edition of the GMC and the Geological Atlas of Colombia (GAC) the geochronological database of Colombia has been updated. For the geochronological database 2023, around 2000 new radiometric ages were added. This database allowed updating the ages of the map chronostratigraphic units.
The GMC 2023 was carried out at a scale of 1:1 500 000 from the generalization in ArcGIS 10.8 of the GAC 2023 at a scale of 1:500 000. The chronostratigraphic units, faults, and folds of the map were adjusted with the shaded relief image of Colombia with a spatial resolution of 30 m created for this purpose.
Unlike the previous editions, the MGC 2023 is synthesized in a sheet that contains both the map and the legend for ease of use by the users. The main element is the geological map at a scale of 1:1 500 000 and includes the islands of Colombia that, due to the distance that separates them from the mainland and their small size, are displayed as insets at a scale of 1:100 000.
The GMC 2023 includes the layers of chronostratigraphic units, faults, folds, volcanoes, mud volcanoes, high–pressure rocks, ultrahigh–temperature rocks, and tectonic elements. The users can consult the map in different formats: GIS (File Geodatabase, MXD, style, sources), PDF, Google Earth, 3D, and TIFF. Additionally, web services and ArcGIS Online are implemented.
Data Sources