Home
Aumentar fuente
Aumentar contraste
Lengua de señas
The Anacona Terrane: A Small Early Paleozoic Peri–Gondwanan Terrane in the Cauca–Romeral Fault System
Jorge Julián RESTREPO, Uwe MARTENS, and Wilmer E. GIRALDO–RAMÍREZ
https://doi.org/10.32685/pub.esp.35.2019.08
ISBN impreso obra completa: 978-958-52959-1-9
ISBN digital obra completa: 978-958-52959-6-4
ISBN impreso Vol. 1: 978-958-52959-2-6
ISBN digital Vol. 1: 978-958-52959-7-1
Citation is suggested as:
Restrepo, J.J., Martens, U. & Giraldo–Ramírez, W.E. 2020. The Anacona Terrane: A small early Paleozoic peri–Gondwanan terrane in the Cauca–Romeral Fault System. In: Gómez, J. & Mateus–Zabala, D. (editors), The Geology of Colombia, Volume 1 Proterozoic – Paleozoic. Servicio Geológico Colombiano, Publicaciones Geológicas Especiales 35, p. 149–165. Bogotá. https://doi.org/10.32685/pub.esp.35.2019.08
Download chapter
Download EndNote reference
Abstract
The Anacona Terrane is a small terrane south of Medellín that underwent a geologic history dissimilar to that of the adjacent Tahamí Terrane to the east and the Quebradagrande (Ebéjico) Terrane to the west. The metamorphic basement of the Anacona Terrane is relatively old, comprising amphibolites and metasedimentary rocks, with probable late Neoproterozoic depositional ages, and granitic orthogneisses, with Ordovician magmatic ages. The age of the last metamorphic event to affect the Anacona Terrane is constrained to the Devonian or earliest Carboniferous, while Triassic metamorphism, which is widespread in the Tahamí Terrane, has not been documented in the Anacona Terrane, indicating that the terranes were amalgamated during or after the Triassic. Correlatives of the terrane are the Acatlán Complex in southern México and the Marañón Complex and coastal islands in Perú; we surmise that the Anacona Terrane may have originated in a southerly position and migrated northwards, similar to the motion of the Caribbean Plate relative to the South American margin.
Keywords: Anacona, tectonostratigraphic terranes, Colombian Andes, Proterozoic sedimentation, garnet amphibolites.
Resumen
El Terreno Anacona es un pequeño terreno localizado al sur de Medellín que presenta una historia geológica diferente a la de los terrenos adyacentes, el Tahamí al este y el Quebradagrande (Ebéjico) al oeste. El basamento metamórfico del Terreno Anacona es relativamente antiguo, comprende anfibolitas y rocas metasedimentarias, con probable edad de depositación neoproterozoica tardía, y ortogneises graníticos con edades magmáticas ordovícicas. La edad del último evento metamórfico que afectó al Terreno Anacona está restringida al Devónico o Carbonífero temprano, mientras que el metamorfismo triásico, presente en el Terreno Tahamí, no ha sido registrado en el Terreno Anacona. Lo anterior indica que estos terrenos se amalgamaron durante o después del Triásico. El Complejo Acatlán en el sur de México y el Complejo Marañón y las islas costeras en Perú son equivalentes del Terreno Anacona; proponemos que el Terreno Anacona podría haberse originado en una posición al sur y migrado al norte, siguiendo el desplazamiento de la Placa del Caribe con relación al margen suramericano.
Palabras clave: Anacona, terrenos tectonoestratigráficos, Andes colombianos, sedimentación proterozoica, anfibolitas granatíferas.
Abbreviations
CL Cathodoluminescence
E–MORB Enriched mid–ocean ridge basalt
LA–ICP–MS Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Low–P Low pressure
MORB Mid–ocean ridge basalt
MSWD Mean square weighted deviation
N–MORB Normal mid–ocean ridge basalt
OIB Ocean island basalt
PT Pressure and temperature
REE Rare earth element
UNAM Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Andersen, T. 2002. Correction of common lead in U–Pb analyses that do not report 204Pb. Chemical Geology, 192(1–2): 59–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00195-X
Botero, G. 1963. Contribución al conocimiento de la geología de la zona central de Antioquia. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Anales de la Facultad de Minas, 57, 101 p. Medellín.
Boynton, W.V. 1984. Cosmochemistry of the rare earth elements: Meteorite studies. Developments in Geochemistry, 2: 63–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-42148-7.50008-3
Bustamante, A. 2003. Definição das trajetórias P–T–t em rochas metamórficas do flanco ocidental da Cordilheira Central da Colômbia, nas regiões de Caldas e El Retiro. Master thesis, Universidade de São Paulo, 107 p. São Paulo. https://doi.org/10.11606/D.44.2003.tde-26012011-135543
Coney, P.J., Jones, D.L. & Monger, J.W.H. 1980. Cordilleran suspect terranes. Nature, 288(5789): 329–333. https://doi.org/10.1038/288329a0
Correa–Martínez, A.M., Martens, U., Restrepo, J.J., Ordóñez–Carmona, O. & Martins–Pimentel, M. 2005. Subdivisión de las metamorfitas básicas de los alrededores de Medellín–cordillera Central de Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, 29(112): 325–344.
De Paolo, D.J. 1981. Trace element and isotopic effects of combined wallrock assimilation and fractional cristallization. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 53(2): 189–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(81)90153-9
Echeverría, L.M. 1973. Zonación de las rocas metamórficas del valle de Aburrá y sus alrededores. Bachelor thesis, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 124 p. Medellín.
Giraldo, M.I. 2010. Esquema geodinámico de la parte noroccidental de la cordillera Central de Colombia. Master thesis, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 146 p. Medellín.
Giraldo–Ramírez, W. 2013. Caracterización estructural y geoquímica del bloque Anacona. Bachelor thesis, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 91 p. Medellín.
González, H. 1980. Geología de las planchas 167 Sonsón y 187 Salamina. Scale 1:100 000. Ingeominas, Internal report 1760, 262 p. Medellín.
González, H. 2001. Memoria explicativa: Mapa geológico del departamento de Antioquia. Scale 1:400 000. Ingeominas, 240 p. Medellín.
Grosse, E. 1926. Estudio geológico del terciario carbonífero de Antioquia en la parte occidental de la cordillera Central de Colombia, entre el río Arma y Sacaojal, ejecutado en los años de 1920–1923. Dietrich Reimer, 361 p. Berlin.
Hoffman, P.F. 1989. Precambrian geology and tectonic history of North America. In: Bally, A.W. & Palmer, A.R. (editors), The geology of North America–An overview. Geological Society of America, A: 447–511. Boulder, USA. https://doi.org/10.1130/DNAG-GNA-A.447
Hofmann, A.W. 1988. Chemical differentiation of the Earth: The relationship between mantle, continental crust, and oceanic crust. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 90(3): 297–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(88)90132-X
Ibañez–Mejia, M., Ruiz, J., Valencia, V.A., Cardona, A., Gehrels, G.E. & Mora, A. 2011. The Putumayo Orogen of Amazonia and its implications for Rodinia reconstructions: New U–Pb geochronological insights into the Proterozoic tectonic evolution of northwestern South America. Precambrian Research, 191(1–2): 58–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2011.09.005
Jaramillo, J.S., Cardona, A., León, S., Valencia, V. & Vinasco, C. 2017. Geochemistry and geochronology from Cretaceous magmatic and sedimentary rocks at 6° 35' N, western flank of the Central Cordillera (Colombian Andes): Magmatic record of arc growth and collision. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 76: 460–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2017.04.012
Jones, D.L., Howell, D.G., Coney, P.J. & Monger, J.W.H. 1983. Recognition, character and analysis of tectonostratigraphic terranes in western North America. Journal of Geological Education, 31(4): 295–303.
Martens, U., Weber, B. & Valencia, V. 2010. U/Pb geochronology of Devonian and older Paleozoic beds in the southeastern Maya Block, Central America: Its affinity with peri–Gondwanan terranes. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 122(5–6): 815–829. https://doi.org/10.1130/B26405.1
Martens, U., Restrepo, J.J., Ordóñez–Carmona, O. & Correa–Martínez, A.M. 2014. The Tahamí and Anacona Terranes of the Colombian Andes: Missing links between South American and Mexican Gondwana margins. The Journal of Geology, 122(5): 507–530. https://doi.org/10.1086/677177
Maya, M. & Escobar, A. 1985. Estudio de las rocas metamórficas entre el Ancón sur y la quebrada La Miel, Caldas, Antioquia. Bachelor thesis, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 160 p. Medellín.
Maya, M. & González, H. 1995. Unidades litodémicas en la cordillera Central de Colombia. Boletín Geológico, 35(2–3): 43–57.
Michard, A., Gurriet, P., Soudant, M. & Albarede, F. 1985. Nd isotopes in French Phanerozoic shales: External vs. internal aspects of crustal evolution. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 49(2): 601–610. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(85)90051-1
Ortega–Gutiérrez, F., Ruiz, J. & Centeno–García, E. 1995. Oaxaquia: A Proterozoic microcontinent accreted to North America during the late Paleozoic. Geology, 23(12): 1127–1130. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<1127:OAPMAT>2.3.CO;2
Patiño, J.J. & Noreña, J.A. 1984. Estudio de las rocas metamórficas en la parte sur del municipio de Caldas, Antioquia. Bachelor thesis, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 154 p. Medellín.
Paton, C., Woodhead, J.D., Hellstrom, J.C., Hergt, J.M., Greig, A. & Maas, R. 2010. Improved laser ablation U–Pb zircon geochronology through robust downhole fractionation correction. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 11(3): 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GC002618
Petrus, J.A. & Kamber, B.S. 2012. VizualAge: A novel approach to laser ablation ICP–MS U–Pb geochronology data reduction. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 36(3): 247–270. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2012.00158.x
Ramos, V.A. 2018. The Famatinian orogen along the protomargin of western Gondwana: Evidence for a nearly continuous Ordovician magmatic arc between Venezuela and Argentina. In: Folguera, A., Contreras–Reyes, E., Heredia, N., Encinas, A., Iannelli, S.B., Oliveros, V., Dávila, F.M., Collo, G., Giambiagi, L., Maksymowicz, A., Iglesia–Llanos, M.P., Turienzo, M., Naipauer, M., Orts, D., Litvak, V., Alvarez, O., Arriagada, C. (editors), The evolution of the Chile–Argentinean Andes. Springer Earth System Sciences. Springer, p. 133–161. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67774-3_6
Restrepo, J.J. 1986. Metamorfismo en el sector norte de la cordillera Central de Colombia. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Trabajo presentado como requisito parcial para la promoción a Profesor Titular. Unpublished report, 195 p. Medellín.
Restrepo, J.J. 2008. Obducción y metamorfismo de ofiolitas triásicas en el flanco occidental del Terreno Tahamí, cordillera Central de Colombia. Boletín Ciencias de la Tierra, (22): 49–100.
Restrepo, J.J. & Toussaint, J.F. 1977. Anfibolitas granatíferas de Caldas, Antioquia. Boletín Ciencias de la Tierra, (2): 147–154.
Restrepo, J.J. & Toussaint, J.F. 1978. Ocurrencia de Precámbrico en las cercanías de Medellín, cordillera Central de Colombia. Publicaciones Especiales de Geología, 12: 1–11.
Restrepo, J.J. & Toussaint, J.F. 1984. Unidades litológicas de los alrededores de Medellín. Primera conferencia sobre riesgos geológicos del valle de Aburrá. Sociedad Colombiana de Geología. Memoirs, p. 1–26. Medellín.
Restrepo, J.J. & Toussaint, J.F. 2020. Tectonostratigraphic terranes in Colombia: An update. First part: Continental terranes. In: Gómez, J. & Mateus–Zabala, D. (editors), The Geology of Colombia, Volume 1 Proterozoic – Paleozoic. Servicio Geológico Colombiano, Publicaciones Geológicas Especiales 35, p. 37–63. Bogotá. https://doi.org/10.32685/pub.esp.35.2019.03
Restrepo, J.J., Toussaint, J.F., González, H., Cordani, U., Kawashita, K., Linares, E. & Parica, C. 1991. Precisiones geocronológicas sobre el occidente colombiano. Simposio sobre magmatismo andino y su marco tectónico, Programa Internacional de Ciencias Geológicas. Memoirs, I, p. 1–21. Manizales.
Restrepo, J.J., Dunlap, W.J., Martens, U., Ordóñez–Carmona, O. & Correa–Martínez, A.M. 2008. Ar–Ar ages of amphibolites from the Central Cordillera of Colombia and their implications for tectonostratigraphic terrane evolution in the northwestern Andes. VI South American Symposium on Isotope Geology. Proceedings CD ROM, p. 1–6. Bariloche, Argentina.
Restrepo, J.J., Ordóñez–Carmona, O., Martens, U. & Correa–Martínez, A.M. 2009. Terrenos, complejos y provincias en la cordillera Central de Colombia. Ingeniería, Investigación y Desarrollo, 9(2): 49–56.
Robison, R.A. & Pantoja–Alor, J. 1968. Tremadocian trilobites from the Nochixtlán region, Oaxaca, Mexico. Journal of Paleontology, 42(3): 767–800.
Romero, D., Valencia, K., Alarcón, P., Peña, D. & Ramos, V.A. 2013. The offshore basement of Perú: Evidence for different igneous and metamorphic domains in the forearc. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 42: 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2012.11.003
Sánchez–Zavala, J.L., Centeno–García, E. & Ortega–Gutiérrez, F. 1999. Review of Paleozoic stratigraphy of México and its role in the Gondwana–Laurentia connections. In: Ramos, V.A. & Keppie, J.D. (editors), Laurentia–Gondwana connections before Pangea. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 336, p. 211–226. https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2336-1.211
Sepúlveda, R.D. & Saldarriaga, S.M. 1980. Metamorfismo de las rocas del oriente del municipio de Caldas, Antioquia. Bachelor thesis, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 115 p. Medellín.
Siivola, J. & Schmid, R. 2007. List of mineral abbreviations. In: Fettes, D. & Desmons, J. (editors), Metamorphic rocks: A classification and glossary terms. Cambridge University Press, p. 93–110.
Solari, L., Gómez–Tuena, A., Bernal, J.P., Pérez–Arvizu, O. & Tanner, M. 2010. U–Pb zircon geochronology with an integrated LA–ICP–MS microanalytical workstation: Achievements in precision and accuracy. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 34(1): 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2009.00027.x
Stewart, J.H., Blodgett, R.B., Boucot, A.J., Carter, J.L. & López, R. 1999. Exotic Paleozoic strata of Gondwanan provenance near Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México. In: Ramos, V.A. & Keppie, J.D. (editors), Laurentia–Gondwana connections before Pangea. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 336, p. 227–252. https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2336-1.227
Sun, S.S. & McDonough, W.F. 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: Implications for mantle composition and processes. In: Saunders, A.D. & Norry, M.J. (editors), Magmatism in the ocean basins. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 42, p. 313–345. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1989.042.01.19
Tassinari, C.C.G., Bettencourt, J.S., Geraldes, M.C., Macambira, M.J.B. & Lafon, J.M. 2000. The Amazonian Craton. In: Cordani, U.G., Milani, E.J., Thomaz–Filho, A. & Campos, D.A. (editors), Tectonic evolution of South America. 31st International Geological Congress. Proceedings, p. 41–95. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Toussaint, J.F. & Restrepo, J.J. 1989. Acreciones sucesivas en Colombia: Un nuevo modelo de evolución geológica. V Congreso Colombiano de Geología. Memoirs, I, p. 127–146. Bucaramanga.
Villagómez, D., Spikings, R., Magna, T., Kammer, A., Winkler, W. & Beltrán, A. 2011. Geochronology, geochemistry and tectonic evolution of the Western and Central Cordilleras of Colombia. Lithos, 125(3–4): 875–896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2011.05.003
Vinasco, C.J., Cordani, U.G., González, H., Weber, M. & Peláez, C. 2006. Geochronological, isotopic, and geochemical data from Permo–Triassic granitic gneisses and granitoids of the Colombian central Andes. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 21(4): 355–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2006.07.007
Wasteneys, H.A., Clark, A.H., Farrar, E. & Langridge, R.J. 1995. Grenvillian granulite–facies metamorphism in the Arequipa Massif, Peru: A Laurentia–Gondwana link. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 132(1–4): 63–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(95)00055-H
Zapata, J.P. & Cardona, A. 2017. Unidades miloníticas asociadas a eventos colisionales del Cretácico Superior en el margen occidental de la cordillera Central. XVI Congreso Colombiano de Geología and III Simposio de Exploradores. Memoirs, p. 1889–1891. Santa Marta.